Concrete socket-pile.



Patented Sept. 30, 1913.

a r, H/ M/ J r l INVENTOR.

Q K. D. MAOLEAN.

CONCRETE SOCKET PILE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20. 1912.

COLUMBIA PLANncRAPl-x co..WAsH|NnToN. D. c.

WITNESSES:

KIRBY n. 'MAGLEANQ," or PALO ALTO,GALIFOR1\TIA.

CONCRETE SOCKET-'PILVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 20, 1912.

Patented Sept. 30, 1913. Serial No. 732,591.

To all whom/it may concern Be it known that I, KIRBY DONALD Mao- LEAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Palo Alto, in the county of Santa- Clara and State of California, have invented a new and useful Concrete Socket-Pile; and

I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being'had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

The object of the present invention is to provide a pile for use in marine structural foundation work which will be protected from decay, the attacks of marine insects and various aqueous animal life, and at the same time a pile which will be of relatively small cost and adapted for being handled and driven in accordance with well understood practice withmachinery now in common use.

l/Vith these objects in view, the pile of the present invention embodies a monolithic reinforced concrete body portion, solid in cross section and at its'lower end having an internal elongated; socket in which is fitted the upper end of a timber pile or extension, which timber pile or extension, by reason of its connection with the reinforced concrete body, will be held in alinement with said body and the whole structure may be driven by power applied to the upper end of the pile, as a unit, after the manner of driving ordinary piles by machinery now in common use.

In the preferred construction the main portion'of the body ofthe reinforced concrete pile is of less cross sectional area than the socket portion, whereby the volume of material used in its construction is materially reduced and at the same time the average strength of the pile throughout its length is maintained and the pile is rendered competent to withstand lateral-strains, even though .it is apparently of small cross sectional area.

In practice, an ordinary timber pile is first driven into the mud,'a suitable distance,

and its upper end shaped-to fitwithin the elongated socket of the enlarged lower end of the concrete pile. pile is then placed in position on the upper end of the timber pile and in alinement therewith, and the two sections allowed to seat one Within the other, whereby the alinelikely to take place.

The concrete socket ment is preserved, after which the whole structure is driven as a unit by blows applied to the upper end of the concrete pile. The penetration which should be secured is such that the timber extension and the socket are both below the mud line, leaving only the concrete portion of the structure in position where attack from marine animal life or low forms of vegetable growth, such as result in the decay of timber fiber, will be 7 The timber portion of the pile is thereby entirely removed from destructive influence and the pile as a whole will be practically indestructible, inasmuch as the reinforced concrete pile is not influenced by the conditions to which it is subjected.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric projection of a concrete socket pile embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the concrete socket pile and its timber extension showing the method of their assemblage and use. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the shaft of the concrete pile in a plane indicated by the lines cc, this view showing one method of reinforcing.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the socket portion of the pile in a plane indicated by the line BB, this view also showing the reinforcement material embodied in the concrete.

'Like letters of reference in the several figures indicate the corresponding parts.

It will be understood that the concrete pile is adapted tobe cast in suitable molds or otherwise and allowed to set before it is positioned for driving, and it therefore is of the type which maybe properly designated as a pre-cast or formed pile as contradist-inguished from reinforced concrete piles which are cast in situ, and which are not adapted for subsequent driving in the formation of av solid foundation.

In: said drawings the shaft or main body portion of the pile is as shown in the section in the plane 0c, Fig. 3, of relatively small transverse area, the size, of course, being determined by the strains to which it will be subjected by the super-structure adapted to be supported by it. The reinforcing material 0 is also distributed and arranged in the shaft in' accordance with known principles for affording the desired strength, al-

though said reinforcement is also preferably in the main formed by longitudinal reinforcing members which extend more or less continuously from one end to the other of the pile and are connected together by lateral reinforcing metal which may be wound about them during or prior to the mold being filled with the plastic concrete composition. At the lower end the shaft is transversely enlarged and formed with an internal socket a, b which is preferably of cylindrical form, and additional reinforcing metal 6 is extended around the socket in the body of concrete to resist lateral strains, as shown clearly in Fig. 4c.

In Figs. 3 and t the main reinforcing metal is indicated by the reference letters a and d, but it will be understood that while the arrangement shown is preferred, I do not wish to be limited thereto, save in so far as specifically designated in the claims, in-

asmuch as other effective arrangements of ing blows to all parts of the mass constituting the pile.

In making use of a pile embodying the present improvement, it is preferred that the wooden or timber extension shown in Fig. 2 be first driven at the desired point until its upper end is substantially at the water line and then the concrete pile is fitted on the same with the upper end of the timber extension seated firmly in the socket, whereupon the driving operation is continued in the ordinary way until the upper end of the timber extension and the socket enlargement of the concrete pile are well below the mud line of the bottom. The long socket serves to hold the concrete pile and its extension in alinement during the driving operation and furthermore is of suificient strength to resist lateral pressure on the upper end of the shaft or body of the concrete pile and transmit any such pressure to the timber extension. The body or shaft of the concrete pile and the timber extension are in direct alinementwith each other so that the pressure of the driving blows is transmitindicated in Fig. 2, where m, n represent the water line and h, g themud line on a pile which has been driven to its final seat.

With the construction of concrete pile described the quantity of material necessary to be employed may be veryconsiderably reduced as compared with concrete piles heretofore constructed, for not only may the timber extension which is very much cheaper than the concrete, be employed without detract-ing from the strength or efliciency of the structure, but the cross sectional area of the body of the concrete pile or shaft portion may be made much less than is necessary where tubular piles are employed as has heretofore been suggested.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. A monolithic reinforced concrete pile embodying a shaft or body portion solid in cross section and having its lower end enlarged in cross section and formed with an internal elongated socket having its axis in line with the axis of the solid shaft or body portion, said socket being adapted to form an elongated chamber in which the upper end of a timber extension will seat and be held in alinement with the solid shaft or body portion, whereby the concrete pile and its timber extension may be driven as a unit by power applied to the upper end of the shaft or body portion 2. A pro-cast, monolithic. concrete pile embodying a shaft, solid in cross section and having its lower end enlarged and formed with an elongated internal socket having its axis in line with the axis of thesolid shaft, said shaft and the walls of said socket having incorporated therein longitudinally extending reinforcing metal and transversely .arranged reinforcing metal, said socket forming an elongated chamber, and a timber extension having its upper end fitting and seating in g K. i). MAOLEAN. V

Witnesses: I

E. GANo WEBB,

G. A. WOOD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latent Washington, I). C. 

